Relevance: Increasingly disk brakes are common on the type of bike we are discussing. We are talking about disk brakes actuated with a cable, not hydraulic disk brakes.

Scope: He shows a bolt thru axle. On our bikes we have quick release, but that doesn't matter for changing brake pads. Also I think they are hydraulic, not cable. The actual brakes are SRAM. On our bikes we have either Avid BB40 or TRP Spyre.

 - remove the retaining pin
 - pull the pair out
 - fit

He talks about "organic" versus sintered.